The working principle of the
pvd coating machine is mainly based on physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology, which involves converting a material source into a gaseous state in a vacuum environment by physical methods (such as evaporation or sputtering) and then depositing it on the substrate surface to form a thin film. The following is a detailed explanation of the working principle of the PVD coating machine:
1. Preparation
Cleaning and surface treatment: First of all, the plating object is thoroughly cleaned and surface treated to ensure that its surface is clean, no oil, no oxides and other impurities, and has a certain roughness to increase the adhesion of the coating.
Place the object to be plated: place the processed object to be plated in a vacuum chamber. The role of the vacuum chamber is to draw the gas out to create a low-pressure environment that prevents the gas molecules from reacting with the coating material.
2.the creation of vacuum environment
Pumping system: Through equipment such as vacuum pumps, the gas in the chamber is pumped to a lower pressure to create a high vacuum environment. This step is crucial because the air molecules collide with the evaporating membrane molecules, causing the crystals to become rough and dull. The high vacuum environment can significantly reduce this collision, making the crystal fine and bright.
How does the PVD coating machine work?
3. Gas ionization
Gas into the coating material: In the vacuum chamber, the required coating material gas is passed into the gas supply source, such as metal evaporation material into the metal evaporation source.
Heating gasification: By means of electron beam heating or resistance heating, the coating material is heated to the gasification temperature, so that it changes from a solid to a gas state.
Gas molecule collisions: These gas molecules then collide with the surface of the object to be plated, preparing for subsequent ion bombardment and deposition processes.
Ion bombardment
Gas ionization: Ion sources usually ionize gases by means of ionization or discharge.
Accelerate and guide ions: Accelerate and guide ions to bombard the surface of the object to be plated.
Remove impurities and enhance bonding force: Ion bombardment can remove oxides, oils and impurities on the surface of the object to be plated, and improve the surface roughness, thereby enhancing the bonding force between the coating and the substrate.
5. Deposition
Ion deposition: Under the action of ion bombardment, the ions of the coating material will be deposited on the surface of the object to be plated and combined with it to form a uniform coating.
Control parameters: By controlling ion energy, beam density and deposition time and other parameters, different thickness and properties of the coating can be obtained.
In summary, the PVD coating machine uses physical vapor deposition technology to convert the solid material into a gaseous material, and then deposits the coating material on the surface of the object to be plated by ion bombardment and deposition. This technology can provide high-quality coatings with good adhesion, hardness and wear resistance, and is widely used in optical, electronics, automotive and aerospace industries.
